Home electrical safety often involves two special outlets: GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) and AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter). GFCI outlets protect people by tripping on ground faults (for example, if an appliance contacts water), while AFCI outlets protect against electrical fires by tripping on arc faults (sparks from damaged wires). GFCI outlets are required in wet areas like bathrooms, kitchens, garages, and outdoor circuits. AFCI devices are required in living spaces like bedrooms and living rooms. Modern devices even combine both functions.
GFCI outlets constantly monitor current between the hot and neutral wires. If even a tiny amount of current leaks outside the normal path, the GFCI instantly shuts off power. Building codes require GFCI protection in moisture-prone areas. GFCI outlets have Test and Reset buttons so you can easily verify and restore functionality. Installing a GFCI outlet near a sink or bathtub greatly reduces shock risk.
AFCI outlets are designed to stop fires caused by arcing faults. Arc faults occur when wiring insulation is damaged or connections are loose, causing high-energy sparks. An AFCI senses the unique electrical signature of these arcs and quickly opens the circuit. Electrical code now requires AFCI protection on most dwelling-unit circuits.
In summary, GFCI outlets focus on personal safety (stopping shocks), while AFCI outlets focus on property safety (stopping fires). Both are important in a modern home. Use GFCI where moisture is present and AFCI in living areas.
GFCI vs AFCI Outlet: What’s the Difference?
